How digestion works: Complete guide from food to intestine

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The digestive process is a complex chain of events that transform food into available nutrients and, finally, into waste. Understanding this system allows you to identify where problems can arise and how to solve them naturally. Join me on this journey from mouth to large intestine to discover how to optimize your digestion.

The journey begins: Mouth and esophagus

Digestion begins long before the first bite reaches your stomach. When chewing, you not only physically reduce food, but:

  • Your taste buds send anticipatory signals to the rest of the digestive tract
  • Saliva provides enzymes that begin breaking down carbohydrates
  • A cascade of preparation begins throughout the digestive system

This signaling process is so important that it affects the effectiveness of all subsequent stages of digestion.

The critical valve: The lower esophageal sphincter

This circular muscle acts as a gate between the esophagus and stomach, preventing food and acids from moving back up into the esophagus.

Common problem: Acid reflux

The most frequent symptom when this valve malfunctions is heartburn or gastroesophageal reflux. Contrary to popular belief, this problem usually isn't due to excess acid but to:

  1. Insufficient stomach acid, which weakens sphincter closure
  2. Excessive abdominal pressure from poor digestion
  3. Irritation from problematic foods

Counterintuitive but effective solution

Instead of neutralizing acid with antacids (which worsen the problem long-term), consider:

  • Apple cider vinegar diluted: 1 tablespoon in water before meals
  • Betaine HCl: A supplement that provides hydrochloric acid; start with 1-2 capsules before main meals

These approaches can strengthen sphincter closure by providing the proper acidic environment that activates this natural mechanism.

The chemical laboratory: The stomach

Your stomach isn't simply a food sack; it's a highly specialized environment with:

  • Extremely acidic pH (between 1 and 3, similar to battery acid)
  • Specialized cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes
  • Muscular mechanics that physically mix food with digestive juices

The problem of weakened acid

Stomach acid production naturally decreases with age. By age 50, your ability to produce stomach acid is approximately 50% of what it was at age 20. This reduction can cause:

  • Chronic indigestion
  • Mineral malabsorption
  • Excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine

Warning signs: Feeling of heaviness after eating, partially digested food in stool, frequent gas or bloating.

The crucial transition: From stomach to small intestine

The extremely acidic chyme (partially digested food) must be neutralized before entering the small intestine. This transition involves:

  1. The pancreas releases bicarbonate and digestive enzymes
  2. The gallbladder releases bile to emulsify fats
  3. The small intestine secretes its own enzymes

If any of these systems fail, digestion is significantly compromised.

The power of bile: Beyond fat digestion

Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, has fundamental functions often underestimated:

  1. Acts as a natural detergent: Emulsifies fats to make them assimilable
  2. Eliminates pathogens: Has antimicrobial properties that protect the small intestine
  3. Facilitates absorption of fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Identifying bile problems

Signs of poor bile flow include:

  • Bloating and burping after consuming fatty foods
  • Pale or floating stools
  • Blurred vision
  • Gallstone formation

The natural solution: TUDCA

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a specific bile acid that can optimize bile flow. This supplement:

  • Decongests obstructed bile ducts
  • Improves bile production and quality
  • Provides quick relief from digestive symptoms

Recommended protocol: 250-500mg on an empty stomach, twice daily, to restore optimal bile flow.

The nutrient factory: The small intestine

90% of all digestion and absorption occurs in this 6-7 meter organ. This is where:

  • Proteins break down into amino acids
  • Carbohydrates convert into simple sugars
  • Fats break down into fatty acids and glycerol

The phenomenon of intestinal permeability

When the intestinal barrier is compromised ("leaky gut"), partially digested particles can enter the bloodstream, causing:

  • Systemic inflammation
  • Autoimmune reactions
  • Multiple food sensitivities

The main triggers of intestinal permeability are:

  1. Gluten (especially in modern grains)
  2. Refined sugar
  3. Industrial vegetable oils
  4. Artificial preservatives and additives

The final ecosystem: The large intestine

The colon hosts trillions of microorganisms that:

  • Ferment undigested fiber
  • Produce short-chain fatty acids that feed intestinal cells
  • Synthesize vitamins and neurotransmitters
  • Regulate 80% of your immune system

The impact of antibiotics on the microbiota

Contrary to common belief, beneficial microorganisms don't fully restore after antibiotic use. Recent studies show that:

  • Some beneficial strains can be permanently lost
  • The intestinal ecosystem can remain unbalanced for years or decades

Rebuilding the intestinal microbiome

Beyond commercial probiotics, consider:

  1. Traditional fermented foods: sauerkraut, kimchi, raw cheeses
  2. Specific probiotics: The L. reuteri strain has shown exceptional benefits for gut health and oxytocin production
  3. Intermittent fasting: Allows periods of intestinal cleaning and repair

Keys to optimizing the entire digestive system

The power of intermittent fasting

Giving your digestive system rest through intermittent fasting:

  • Allows intestinal cleaning cycles
  • Reduces inflammation
  • Promotes intestinal mucosa regeneration
  • Improves microbial diversity

Reconsidering green smoothies

Smoothies with high raw fiber content can be problematic if you already have:

  • Leaky gut
  • Intestinal inflammation
  • Dysbiosis (microbiota imbalance)

In these cases, they can increase irritation and worsen symptoms instead of improving them.

The impact of glyphosate on digestion

The herbicide glyphosate, present not only in GMO foods but in even higher amounts in conventional grains like wheat, acts as:

  • An antibiotic for your microbiome
  • A disruptor of critical enzymatic pathways for digestion
  • A promoter of intestinal permeability

Practical solution: Prioritize organic foods and avoid products with conventional grains to minimize exposure.

Conclusion: The connection between digestion and global health

90% of all chronic diseases are directly or indirectly related to digestive function. Optimizing your digestion through:

  1. Unprocessed whole foods
  2. Regular fasting periods
  3. Strategic supplements like TUDCA, digestive enzymes, and specific probiotics
  4. Elimination of food irritants

...can transform not only your digestion but your overall health, energy levels, mental clarity, and disease resistance.

Remember that most medications only treat digestive symptoms while nutritional approaches address the root causes, offering truly transformative solutions.

Author/Source: ThomasDeLauerOfficial

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